prisma-upgrade-v7-prisma-config

Prisma Config

Prisma v7 introduces prisma.config.ts as the central configuration file for the Prisma CLI.

Location

Place prisma.config.ts at your project root (next to package.json).

Basic Configuration

import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

export default defineConfig({
  schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
  migrations: {
    path: 'prisma/migrations',
  },
  datasource: {
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
  },
})

Configuration Options

schema

Path to your Prisma schema file:

schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma'

datasource.url

Database connection URL:

datasource: {
  url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
}

datasource.directUrl

Direct connection URL (bypassing connection pooler):

datasource: {
  url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
  directUrl: env('DIRECT_DATABASE_URL'),
}

datasource.shadowDatabaseUrl

Shadow database for migrations:

datasource: {
  url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
  shadowDatabaseUrl: env('SHADOW_DATABASE_URL'),
}

migrations.path

Directory for migration files:

migrations: {
  path: 'prisma/migrations',
}

migrations.seed

Seed command for prisma db seed:

migrations: {
  path: 'prisma/migrations',
  seed: 'tsx prisma/seed.ts',
}

Full Example

import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

export default defineConfig({
  // Schema location
  schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
  
  // Migration configuration
  migrations: {
    path: 'prisma/migrations',
    seed: 'tsx prisma/seed.ts',
  },
  
  // Database connection
  datasource: {
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
    directUrl: env('DIRECT_DATABASE_URL'),
    shadowDatabaseUrl: env('SHADOW_DATABASE_URL'),
  },
})

Environment Variables

The env() helper

Use env() to reference environment variables:

import { env } from 'prisma/config'

datasource: {
  url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
}

This provides type safety but does NOT load .env files automatically.

Loading .env files

Install and import dotenv:

npm install dotenv

import 'dotenv/config'  // Must be first import
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

Migrating from v6

Before (v6) - schema.prisma

datasource db {
  provider  = "postgresql"
  url       = env("DATABASE_URL")
  directUrl = env("DIRECT_URL")
}

After (v7) - prisma.config.ts

import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'

export default defineConfig({
  schema: 'prisma/schema.prisma',
  datasource: {
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
    directUrl: env('DIRECT_URL'),
  },
})

And update schema.prisma:

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
  // URLs now in prisma.config.ts
}

Custom Config Path

Use --config flag with CLI commands:

prisma migrate dev --config ./config/prisma.config.ts

Monorepo Configuration

import 'dotenv/config'
import { defineConfig, env } from 'prisma/config'
import path from 'path'

export default defineConfig({
  schema: path.join(__dirname, 'packages/database/prisma/schema.prisma'),
  migrations: {
    path: path.join(__dirname, 'packages/database/prisma/migrations'),
  },
  datasource: {
    url: env('DATABASE_URL'),
  },
})