push-to-registry

作者： hashicorp

將 Packer 建置中繼資料推送至 HCP Packer 註冊表，以進行映像生命週期追蹤與治理。以極低負擔在 HCP Packer 中註冊建置工件，僅儲存中繼資料（非實際映像），且建置時間增加不到一分鐘。支援儲存桶層級標籤（每次建置更新）及不可變的建置層級標籤（Git SHA、時間戳記），以實現版本控制與合規追蹤。透過 hcp_packer_artifact 資料來源與 Terraform 整合，可跨環境查詢與部署映像。

npx skills add https://github.com/hashicorp/agent-skills --skill push-to-registry

下載 ZIP GitHub

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Push to HCP Packer Registry

Configure Packer templates to push build metadata to HCP Packer registry.

Reference: HCP Packer Registry

Note: HCP Packer is free for basic use. Builds push metadata only (not actual images), adding minimal overhead (<1 minute).

Basic Registry Configuration

packer {
  required_version = ">= 1.7.7"
}

variable "image_name" {
  type    = string
  default = "web-server"
}

locals {
  timestamp = regex_replace(timestamp(), "[- TZ:]", "")
}

source "amazon-ebs" "ubuntu" {
  region        = "us-west-2"
  instance_type = "t3.micro"

  source_ami_filter {
    filters = {
      name = "ubuntu/images/*ubuntu-jammy-22.04-amd64-server-*"
    }
    most_recent = true
    owners      = ["099720109477"]
  }

  ssh_username = "ubuntu"
  ami_name     = "${var.image_name}-${local.timestamp}"
}

build {
  sources = ["source.amazon-ebs.ubuntu"]

  hcp_packer_registry {
    bucket_name = var.image_name
    description = "Ubuntu 22.04 base image for web servers"

    bucket_labels = {
      "os"   = "ubuntu"
      "team" = "platform"
    }

    build_labels = {
      "build-time" = local.timestamp
    }
  }

  provisioner "shell" {
    inline = [
      "sudo apt-get update",
      "sudo apt-get upgrade -y",
    ]
  }
}

Authentication

Set environment variables before building:

export HCP_CLIENT_ID="your-service-principal-client-id"
export HCP_CLIENT_SECRET="your-service-principal-secret"
export HCP_ORGANIZATION_ID="your-org-id"
export HCP_PROJECT_ID="your-project-id"

packer build .

Create HCP Service Principal

Navigate to HCP → Access Control (IAM)
Create Service Principal
Grant "Contributor" role on project
Generate client secret
Save client ID and secret

Registry Configuration Options

bucket_name (required)

The image identifier. Must stay consistent across builds!

bucket_name = "web-server"  # Keep this constant

bucket_labels (optional)

Metadata at bucket level. Updates with each build.

bucket_labels = {
  "os"        = "ubuntu"
  "team"      = "platform"
  "component" = "web"
}

build_labels (optional)

Metadata for each iteration. Immutable after build completes.

build_labels = {
  "build-time" = local.timestamp
  "git-commit" = var.git_commit
}

CI/CD Integration

GitHub Actions

name: Build and Push to HCP Packer

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

env:
  HCP_CLIENT_ID: ${{ secrets.HCP_CLIENT_ID }}
  HCP_CLIENT_SECRET: ${{ secrets.HCP_CLIENT_SECRET }}
  HCP_ORGANIZATION_ID: ${{ secrets.HCP_ORGANIZATION_ID }}
  HCP_PROJECT_ID: ${{ secrets.HCP_PROJECT_ID }}

jobs:
  build:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: hashicorp/setup-packer@main

      - name: Build and push
        run: |
          packer init .
          packer build \
            -var "git_commit=${{ github.sha }}" \
            .

Querying in Terraform

data "hcp_packer_artifact" "ubuntu" {
  bucket_name  = "web-server"
  channel_name = "production"
  platform     = "aws"
  region       = "us-west-2"
}

resource "aws_instance" "web" {
  ami           = data.hcp_packer_artifact.ubuntu.external_identifier
  instance_type = "t3.micro"

  tags = {
    PackerBucket = data.hcp_packer_artifact.ubuntu.bucket_name
  }
}