app-builder

Plugin check: Run node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/check-version.js" — if it outputs a message, show it to the user before proceeding.

app-builder — intent → model-driven app

⚠️ Preview. This skill is in preview — its App Spec shape, flags, and build behavior may change between versions. Review the plan-mode summary before applying, and prefer a non-production environment while it stabilizes.

Turn a natural-language intent into a deployed model-driven app. You author a reviewable App Spec (JSON) with the user across confirmed turns, then a deterministic engine (cds-maker-sdk, vendored) builds it — tables/columns/relationships, sample data, views, Choice-column charts, adaptive forms with sub-grids, generative pages for overview/dashboard surfaces, and the app module + sitemap. The same spec drives create and edit: download a deployed app back into a spec, change it, and re-run the build (it's idempotent).

CRITICAL — run the interactive flow in THIS conversation (the main loop)

You MUST run the authoring questions and the build narration yourself, in the main conversation. Do NOT dispatch a subagent (Task) for the interactive steps.

A subagent is headless — AskUserQuestion and plan mode do not reach the user from inside one (its only output is its final message). The whole point of this skill is the multi-turn, propose-then-confirm experience, so every AskUserQuestion, EnterPlanMode, and live build status line must originate here, in the main loop.

CRITICAL — the user sees your chat message, NOT tool output

Shell/tool output — the result of running preview-app.js, a dry-run plan, or a lint — is COLLAPSED BY DEFAULT in the UI. The user does NOT see it unless they manually expand the tool panel. Running the command is therefore NOT the same as showing the user. Every artifact the user must read, review, or approve — the whole-app preview wireframes, the dry-run build plan, and blocking lint findings — MUST be reproduced verbatim in your chat reply, inside a fenced ``` code block. Never say "the preview looks right" and leave the content buried in a collapsed panel: paste it into your message. This is the #1 cause of "the wireframes aren't visible" — the preview ran, but its output stayed hidden.

Capabilities — the full toolbox (pick best-fit per requirement)

You are a complete model-driven app builder, not a single-surface tool. Everything below ships in one App Spec and one build — choose what best serves the user's requirement to make a useful, prod-ready app; don't under-build (a bare table list) or over-build (surfaces nobody asked for):

• Data model — tables (give each custom table a meaningful Fluent-style SVG table icon by default; propose what the glyph will depict in words — never a Fluent token name — and record it as iconDescription before drawing the SVG — see references/authoring-flow.md → Table icons), columns (all types), relationships (1:N / N:N + junctions), sample data
• Record UI — forms (sub-grids, quick-create / quick-view), views (with enriched default columns), charts
• Actions — modern command-bar buttons (incl. flyout / split menus), web resources (form JS / HTML / CSS)
• Surfaces — generative pages (modern dashboards / overviews / analytics / landing — the default), classic dashboards (opt-in), external URLs
• App shell — the app module + sitemap, with per-subarea icons
• Security & access — one security role per persona, sized from that persona's jobs-to-be-done (the entity access each job needs, unioned into the role), so the app opens for non-admins.
• AI-first features (admin-gated) — form-fill assist, natural-language grid/view search, NL chart / AI data visualization, M365 Copilot (opt-in); per-table Copilot row summaries (Insight Cards) with tailored prompts, auto-selected for good-candidate tables

Author the smallest spec that fully satisfies the ask, then let the user refine. The Genpage-first policy below is the record-vs-dashboard rule; references/app-spec-schema.md documents every field.

Genpage-first policy (surface classification)

Every app surface is one of two kinds — enumerate the app's surfaces and classify each one, don't decide page-by-page in passing:

• Record surfaces (create/read/update/list a table's rows) → a model-driven form + view.
• Everything else — overview/landing, dashboard, KPIs, analytics, guided or wizard flow, composite or comparison screen → a generative page (pages[]), not a classic dashboard.

Rules:

• An app whose jobs include an overview, a queue, analytics or a guided flow but which proposes no pages has missed a surface. Where the app genuinely is record-CRUD only, say so explicitly rather than silently omitting pages.
• A traditional dashboards[] is emitted only on explicit request (e.g. "use a classic dashboard").
• A generative page is authored as a design intent (source: { kind: "intent" }, schemaVersion: 2) during Phase 1 — its .tsx is written in Phase 1.5 — Generate pages, after plan approval and after the data pre-build creates the tables so pac model genpage generate-types can emit RuntimeTypes.ts. See references/authoring-flow.md → Pages.
• The build's pages phase uploads each page via pac model genpage upload without --add-to-sitemap — the SDK is the single sitemap writer, so a page's nav entry comes from a page subarea in appShell (referenced by the page's key). See references/app-spec-schema.md → pages[].
• Every page in pages[] must be sitemap-placed — validation rejects any page absent from the sitemap. A "detail" page that receives a caller-supplied id is a normal sitemap page; it reads its input via pageInput?.data?.<field>. Navigation-only (headless) pages are not supported.
• Three-authority page identity (build + download + verify all follow this): (1) IDENTITY — the durable <app>_pagemanifest (key → pageId); a downloaded spec's own pages[].pageId outranks it for that rebuild. (2) EXISTENCE — env-wide pac model genpage list (crash-safe; decides create-vs-reuse). (3) MEMBERSHIP — the app's sitemap GenPageId set (placement, download enumeration, verify coverage). All matching is by id — never by display name.
• Multi-page navigation uses PAGEREF_<key> (the stable pages[].key) as the pageId placeholder; the build resolves each to the real page GUID in a run-scoped staging copy (the canonical .tsx is never mutated), then verifies every nav edge resolves to the deployed page's GenPageId.

Workflow

Phase 0 — Working directory

1. Derive a short kebab-case slug from $ARGUMENTS (e.g. "Project Tracker" → project-tracker).
2. Create the directory (mkdir -p <slug> on bash/PowerShell; mkdir <slug> on cmd, which has no -p and errors if it exists) and resolve its absolute path. It holds app-spec.json, model-app-plan.md, and workflow-log.md.

Phase 1 — Author the App Spec (interactive, main loop)

Follow references/authoring-flow.md step by step, running every prompt yourself via AskUserQuestion. In short:

1. Prereqs — node --version, pac help (≥ 2.7.0).
2. Environment (PAC) — pac auth list. If exactly one / an active profile, confirm it (FYI), don't ask. If several and none active, ask which to use. If none, ask the user to pac auth create. Capture the org URL (pac org who).
3. Detect existing — pac model list-tables --search … (exact-match) and pac model list to find tables/apps already present; build around them.
4. Levelled authoring — first read the App Spec format so you author to the exact shape (do this once; don't go spelunking through scripts): references/app-spec-schema.md and the worked sample samples/app-spec.support-desk.json. Phase 1 is design-only: never emit page .tsx here. Each level is confirmed via AskUserQuestion before the next begins, and app-spec.json is persisted after each — full prompts in the playbook.
   • Level (a0) — personas & jobs-to-be-done (personas[]): before proposing any tables, ask who will use the app and what each needs to get done. Jobs drive everything that follows — a table exists because a job needs its data, a surface because a job needs to act on it. Deriving the data model first reliably misses surfaces. Privileges come later; capture the jobs now.
   • Level (a) — data model: entities/columns/relationships derived from those jobs; run the early data-model lint (catches e.g. the relationship-vs-lookup collision before forms are authored on top).
   • Level (b) — artifacts + page-intents + design: enumerate every surface each job needs and classify it per the genpage-first policy above — record CRUD → form + view; anything else (overview/landing, dashboard, KPIs, analytics, guided/wizard flow, composite or comparison screen) → a page intent (source: { kind: "intent" }). State each classification out loud; if the app needs no pages, say so and why rather than silently omitting them. Then forms + views
     • charts + sample data and the optional design contract, mapping each job to its surfaces via jobs[].surfaces[]. No page .tsx here. dashboards[] only on explicit request.
   • Level (c) — access (personas[].jobs[].privileges[]): personas and jobs already exist from (a0) and the entities now exist, so only add the privileges each job needs — don't re-ask who the users are. The builder unions them into one role per persona and grants the app to it so it opens for that persona, not just sysadmins. Render the roles + per-entity access as a table in your chat reply (the user can't approve an access model they can't see — see the CRITICAL note above). If they want no roles, tell them jobs live in personas[] so dropping the roles drops the recorded jobs too; offer read-only privileges to keep the record. (Column-level security and access teams are not yet supported — see Notes & limits.)
   • Whole-app preview (design gate for Level (b)): node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/preview-app.js" --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json renders data-model + sitemap + form wireframes + page-intents + design contract. Reproduce the ENTIRE rendered output verbatim in your chat reply, inside a fenced ``` code block — do NOT leave it in the (collapsed, invisible) tool output, and do NOT just summarize "the preview looks right" (see the CRITICAL note above). The user must be able to SEE each form, the sitemap, and the page intents they are approving. For a single form only: node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/preview-form.js" --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json.
   • Don't pre-create tables/columns — the build does it idempotently.
5. Guardrail lint (hard gate) — run the full spec-lint.js on the complete spec; errors block, warnings teach. If it blocks (or warns), paste the findings into your chat reply — tool output is collapsed and invisible to the user (see the CRITICAL note above), so the user can't fix what they can't see:

   node -e "const{lintAppSpec}=require('${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/lib/spec-lint.js');const s=require('<working-dir>/app-spec.json');const r=lintAppSpec(s);console.log(JSON.stringify(r,null,2));process.exit(r.ok?0:1)"
   

6. Plan-mode approval (the single build approval) — present the plan including the build dry-run's phase-grouped plan (run build-model-app.js without --apply, using the plan profile that allows intent pages) inside EnterPlanMode, then ExitPlanMode to get the user's go-ahead. On approval, Phase 1.5 (generate-pages) runs first, then Phase 2 applies directly (no second dry-run/go-ahead). Render the design document — never hand-write it:

   node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/write-app-spec-doc.js" --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json --env <envUrl>
   

   It writes <working-dir>/model-app-plan.md (jobs → surfaces traceability, data model, every surface, navigation, access model, sample data) and prints { ok, docPath, bytes, warnings }. Surface those warnings — they name design gaps such as a job with no covering surface or an app with no generative pages. Tell the user where the document is; it's theirs to keep, and it's regenerable after any spec edit.

Phase 1.5 — Generate pages (main loop, headless workers)

After plan-mode approval (before the full build):

1. Data pre-build — schema-only build so generate-types can resolve real column names:

   node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/build-model-app.js" \
     --env <envUrl> --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json --stage data --apply
   

   --stage data applies solution + data-model only — no --sample-data (rows are created once in the full build). Only --stage data is apply-safe; all other --stage selectors and legacy --from/--to/--only/--skip selectors are dry-run inspection only.

2. Types — generate Dataverse type bindings for the entities the pages read:

   pac model genpage generate-types --data-sources "<entity1,entity2,…>" --output-file <working-dir>/RuntimeTypes.ts
   

   --data-sources is the union of every intent page's dataSources. Skip this step entirely when every intent page is mock-only. On Windows use forward slashes in the path.

3. Page plan (adapter) — the page worker's input contract is a plan document, not an App Spec, so project the spec into one. This also echoes the per-page dispatch parameters:

   node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/write-page-plan.js" \
     --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json --working-dir <working-dir> --env <envUrl> \
     --app "<app name>" --languages "<languages from the environment probe>"
   

   It writes <working-dir>/app-builder-page-plan.md and prints { ok, planPath, pages: [{ name, key, file, dataMode, intent }] }. Pass --languages through from the environment probe — omitting it silently defaults every plan to English-only and drops the localization pattern. The command fails (before writing) if the plan would name a sample that doesn't exist.

4. Generate — for each page from step 3 with intent: true, dispatch the headless genpage-page-builder worker via Task. Use its documented input contract verbatim — a missing field is why a page silently never becomes .tsx:

   You are the genpage-page-builder agent. Generate the [name from step 3] page.

   • Target file: [file from step 3 — already includes .tsx; do NOT append another]
   • Plan document: [absolute path to the app-builder-page-plan.md written in step 3]
   • Data mode: [dataMode from step 3 — dataverse or mock]
   • Connectors: disabled
   • RuntimeTypes: [absolute path to RuntimeTypes.ts] ← omit this line when Data mode is mock
   • Working directory: [absolute working-dir path]
   • Plugin root: ${PLUGIN_ROOT}

   Follow the instructions in your agent file. Write [file] and return your result when done.

   The plan's ## Environment carries Mode: app-builder and every page row carries a Key, so the worker emits "PAGEREF_<key>" for cross-page navigation (never a file-derived token — a downloaded page's codeFile is a path, not its identity). Custom nav ids go in data: — never recordId. Connectors: disabled is a constant here: the App Spec has no connector-binding concept, so the projected plan always says No connector bindings.

5. Validate + commit the transition (transactional) — never flip source by hand, and never flip pages one at a time as workers return. Run:

   node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/promote-intent-pages.js" \
     --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json --working-dir <working-dir>
   

   It checks every generated page (file written, structurally a module, PAGEREF_ tokens canonical and in exact parity with the spec's navigatesTo edges) and only then flips all of them intent → { kind: "tsx", codeFile } in a single atomic write. On any failure it exits 3 and leaves app-spec.json untouched, printing which page failed and why — regenerate just those pages and re-run. All-or-nothing on purpose: a half-flipped spec would claim a .tsx that was never written, and Phase 2's deploy profile fails fast on any remaining source.kind === "intent".

6. Proceed to Phase 2 (full idempotent build).

⚠️ The interactive author never runs inside a Task subagent. Only pure, headless code-gen workers are dispatched here — all user-facing prompts originate in the main loop.

Phase 2 — Build (narrated, main loop)

Always use scripts/build-model-app.js. Never hand-write a builder. It's idempotent (skips existing solution/tables/columns/relationships — so new, existing, and mixed envs all just work), so you don't pre-create anything or special-case existing tables.

The build plan was already presented and approved in plan mode (Phase 1 Step 6 shows the engine's real dry-run plan), so on approval apply directly — one build approval, no second go-ahead. Add --verify so the build self-checks after applying (see Phase 3):

node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/build-model-app.js" \
  --env <envUrl> --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json --apply --verify [--sample-data] [--publish]

Each step streams its status live ([n/total] ✓ created / ⊘ skipped / ✗ failed — <error>) and a closing ✓ build complete — X created, Y skipped, Z failed summary.

Keep the build's progress visible. A full build runs for several minutes. Let its output stream — do NOT pipe it through Select-Object -First/-Last N or Select-String head-limits, which buffer and hide progress until the run ends (and can truncate a still-running pipe). To capture the log use Tee-Object -FilePath <log> (no head-limit). The build also prints a ▸ live progress: line pointing at <workspace>/.maker-workspace/build-status.json — a snapshot (state, steps, lastPhase, lastLabel) overwritten every step. Read it (or tail build-log.jsonl) any time to report where a long build is, even if stdout is buffered.

(Reaching Phase 2 without a fresh plan-mode approval — resuming a failed build, or a quick edit re-run — do a dry-run first (drop --apply), paste the phase-grouped plan verbatim into your chat reply (tool output is collapsed — see the CRITICAL note above), and get a go-ahead before applying.)

Stage selector (--stage <data|ui|app|publish>) maps to its phase range. On --apply, ONLY --stage data is accepted (solution + data-model, no rows in run 1; run 2 is a full build). All other stages and the legacy --from/--to/--only/--skip selectors are dry-run inspection only — their phase ranges are not dependency-closed and are rejected on --apply.

Language (--language-code / --languageCode <lcid>) — you normally do not pass this. Data-model labels are stamped with the organization's own base language, read once per build. Pass it only to author labels in a different provisioned language, or if the build warns that it could not determine the base language and fell back to 1033. If a build fails with "The language code N is not a valid language for this organization", that is this setting — re-run with --language-code <an LCID the org actually has>, listing them with node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/dataverse-request.js" <envUrl> GET RetrieveProvisionedLanguages. The App Spec field languageCode pins the same value across runs. Note this covers the data-model phase only; form and sitemap labels still carry 1033 (SDK limitation, issue #455).

Narrate progress as it runs. Transient env errors (429 customization-lock, 503 SQL-timeout, concurrent-op guards) are auto-retried with backoff on --apply (the build is idempotent, so a retry reuses what's already created). If the build still halts (BuildHalt) on an unrecoverable error, surface it and ask the user how to proceed via AskUserQuestion (adjust the spec / cancel), then re-run. Everything is scoped to a dedicated unmanaged solution; --publish gates the final bulk publish — edit/finalize paths still publish their one targeted artifact so the change takes effect (see Notes & limits).

Recovery from a failed or halted build: run the full build again. The build is idempotent — every phase re-uses what's already created and only fills the gaps. SDK metadata is persisted under <working-dir>/.maker-workspace/ (override with --workspace). There is no apply-safe --from <phase> shortcut; a full rerun is the correct and safe recovery path.

Phase 3 — Verify & iterate

--apply --verify already reconciled the spec against what deployed (Phase 2) — the build appends a verify PASS / verify FAIL — N missing line and exits non-zero on a silent partial (an artifact created but not wired, or a phase that quietly produced nothing). To re-check later — e.g. after a Maker change, without rebuilding — run the standalone read-only verifier (entities/columns/views/charts/ forms and sitemap subareas + icons; exits non-zero and lists anything missing):

node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/verify-model-app.js" --env <envUrl> --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json

Then open the app in the browser. Refine app-spec.json and re-run Phase 2 to iterate.

Teardown (cleanup). To remove everything an App Spec built — e.g. a live-verification probe or a failed build — run the classifier-safe teardown. It deletes only the artifacts the spec declares, in dependency order (app module → security roles → dashboards → command bars → forms → charts → views → reset enriched default views to drop parent lookups → relationships → AI row summaries → tables [children-first] → web resources (generated app icon + page manifest + declared) → global choices → solution). Forms/charts/views/relationships are deleted explicitly before tables (a table delete does not reliably cascade cross-references; it does remove the table's own columns). Command teardown removes the whole command bar for any entity the spec authored commands on. Teardown only deletes tables this build created — a system/standard table (account, contact, …) is auto-detected and skipped, and a reused custom table is skipped when its entity is flagged "existing": true, so pre-existing data survives. Dry-run by default; add --apply --allow-destructive to actually delete (--clear-workspace also prunes .maker-workspace/). --allow-destructive is required for teardown --apply — without it teardown refuses and touches nothing.

node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/teardown-model-app.js" \
  --env <envUrl> --spec @<working-dir>/app-spec.json [--apply] [--allow-destructive] [--clear-workspace]

Safety flags (build + teardown). The apply path is fail-closed against destructive operations:

• --allow-destructive — authorize destructive operations. For build --apply: authorizes overwriting an existing app in unattended mode, and allows explicit-layout form-field removals or sitemap-target drops; also authorizes DETACHING a pages-removed page's nav subarea (the page record is left deployed — it is not deleted). For teardown --apply: required — all deletes are destructive by construction, so teardown without this flag halts before touching anything.
• Pages-phase safety HALTs. The build halts on identity or safety violations rather than proceeding with potentially wrong state. Surface the HALT reason and follow the recovery hint:
  • pages-identity-conflict — spec pageId and manifest disagree on a key, or a duplicate id spans two keys. Resolve the conflict manually (re-download or delete the manifest).
  • pages-manifest-corrupt — the manifest cannot be parsed (two keys map to the same id). Delete the manifest web resource and rebuild from scratch.
  • pages-removed — a live page was dropped from the spec. Re-add it, or pass --allow-destructive to detach it from the nav (the page record stays deployed; rebuild finalizes the sitemap).
  • pages-shared-across-apps — the page appears in another app's sitemap. Detach it in Maker. --allow-destructive does not bypass this halt.
  • pages-shared-check-failed / pages-existence-failed / pages-sitemap-read-failed — a prerequisite read failed; the build can't proceed safely. Retry on a transient error; check permissions on a persistent one.
• --non-interactive — suppress interactive prompts (for automation / CI). A non-interactive build that encounters an existing app fails instead of warning-and-proceeding, unless --allow-destructive is also set. Does not grant destructive authority on its own — only --allow-destructive does.
• POWER_PLATFORM_SKILLS_NONINTERACTIVE=1 (or true) — env-var equivalent of --non-interactive. Same semantics: suppresses prompts only, never authorizes destructive ops. Set this in CI job environments to avoid interactive-prompt hangs.
• In autopilot / eval mode (--non-interactive + --allow-destructive), preview-app.js is written to disk as the design artifact before plan execution; interactive consent gates are bypassed and the build is fail-closed against any destructive op not explicitly authorized.

AI-first features

The ai block in the App Spec controls four app-level features and per-table Copilot row summaries. All features are admin-gated: they are enabled only where the environment administrator has turned them on in Power Platform Admin Center (Environments → Settings → Product → Features). The ai-features build phase preflights each setting via the SDK (RetrieveSetting) and, for anything off, skips it with a warning — it never fails the build and cannot flip admin or tenant switches itself.

Preflight (standalone):

node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/ai-preflight.js" --env <envUrl> [--app <uniqueName>]

Prints each feature's on/off status and the exact admin action required for anything that is off. Never fails.

App-level features (ai.appFeatures) — formFill (Copilot-assisted form fill), nlSearch (natural-language grid/view search), nlChart (NL chart / AI data visualization), m365 (M365 Copilot). All default to true except m365; set any to false to opt out.

Per-table row summaries (ai.summaries):

• default: "auto" — the skill auto-selects good-candidate tables (skips lookup-only / config / junction tables and the Dynamics 365-owned incident, lead, opportunity).
• default: "off" — summaries disabled unless a table opts in explicitly.
• Per-table overrides in summaries.tables: set enabled, a tailored instruction, and columns[] (the fields the summary reads). A { "enabled": false } entry opts a specific table out.

Prompt authoring guidelines (for instruction): write for meaningful insights — not field/value repetition; never include record GUIDs; pull in recent activity where relevant; use audience-appropriate tone; aim for an explicit output shape (a short paragraph).

Teardown removes the AI records created by the ai-features phase (summary config rows and published AI models) in addition to the standard artifacts.

Editing a deployed app (download → edit → rebuild)

The same App Spec drives edit — there is no separate edit path. When the user wants to change an existing app (add a field/view/page, edit a page's code, retitle/reorder nav, swap an icon), pull the deployed app fresh into a spec first, then edit that spec and re-run Phase 2:

node "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/scripts/download-model-app.js" --env <envUrl> --app <appId|uniqueName|displayName> --out <working-dir>

--app resolves in identity order: app id (GUID) → uniquename → display name. Prefer the unique name — it is immutable, while a display name can be renamed and is not unique. A display name that matches more than one app is refused, listing the candidate unique names rather than guessing.

This reconstructs the app into <working-dir>/app-spec.json. Round-trip scope — be precise, it is not everything:

• Round-trips: the sitemap → appShell (all subareas + icons), every generative page (via pac model genpage download; names come from the sitemap's GenPage subarea titles, so Maker-added pages are included) into pages[] + their .tsx, the referenced entities (minimal — the build reuses existing tables), classic dashboards (id-passthrough tiles carrying the deployed view/chart ids), the icon web resources, and the solution.
• Does NOT round-trip: forms[], views[], charts[], commands[] — they come back empty. All four survive on the live app (a rebuild preserves them by discovery), so a plain edit is safe; they just aren't editable through the downloaded spec. Change them in Maker or a fresh spec.

Then:

1. Always pull fresh at the start of an edit session — someone may have changed the app in Maker. The build reads an etag when it hydrates, so a write against an artifact changed since the pull throws a version conflict → re-pull and retry, never clobber.
2. Edit app-spec.json (and any page .tsx) for the requested change.
3. If the edit ADDS a page (or resets a page's source back to intent to regenerate it), re-run Phase 1.5 before Phase 2 — a downloaded spec contains only kind: "tsx" pages, so an added intent page has no code and Phase 2's deploy profile rejects it. Phase 1.5 is safe to re-run: write-page-plan.js projects all pages (so the worker sees the real nav graph), a worker is dispatched only where the echo says intent: true, and promote-intent-pages.js leaves built pages untouched. Editing an existing page's .tsx by hand needs no regeneration.
4. Re-run the build (Phase 2). It's idempotent: it reuses the existing app/tables/views, updates each page in place (matched by name → --page-id, so no duplicates), and preserves the existing GenPage subareas (the download enumerated them into pages[]/appShell, so the full-replace sitemap write never drops them).
5. Verify (Phase 3) to confirm only the intended change landed.

Prefer generative pages over classic dashboards per the genpage-first policy. Classic dashboards do round-trip (id-passthrough tiles), but the views and charts their tiles point at do not, so they can only be edited in Maker.

What the builder does (in order)

solution (idempotent) → data model — discover existing tables/columns/relationships via the SDK (findTables / findColumns / fetchEntityMetadata) and create only what's missing (createTable / createColumn / createRelationship) → sample data (opt-in; relational/topological, $parent→@odata.bind using the entity-set name) → web resources (opt-in; createWebResource for form JS/HTML/CSS) → views → charts → forms (primary + columns laid out, explicit tabs honored; sub-grids, quick-views, and form JS (events[]) applied as canonical control cells / the /bag/c events region via the SDK's generic addElement surface) → app module + sitemap → generative pages (each page's .tsx was generated in Phase 1.5; the build uploads each pages[] page via pac model genpage upload, no --add-to-sitemap; then the SDK rewrites the sitemap once to add the GenPage subareas) → AI features (opt-in) → security (one role per personas[] entry, sized from its jobs' declared access; injects an app-module read privilege and associates the app to each role so it opens for that persona) → publish (opt-in). When the app has generative-page subareas the app module is created first WITHOUT them (they can't resolve until the pages upload), then the pages phase rewrites the sitemap. All Dataverse access goes through the SDK, so the downloaded metadata lands in .maker-workspace/. Independent ops (columns, views/charts/forms) run with bounded parallelism; publish is one round-trip per entity + the app. Views/charts build before forms so a sub-grid can reference the child view id. Each step emits [n/total].

Notes & limits

• Headless, no browser. The SDK (cds-maker-sdk, vendored at scripts/vendor/) generates designer-grade FormXML/FetchXML/sitemap by reusing the designer's own serializers, and writes via the Web API using an az-token HttpClient. No relay, no designer tab.
• Dedicated unmanaged solution per app (review / teardown). --publish gates the final bulk publish of the app's entity + app customizations (a PublishXml per entity + the app). It does not suppress the small targeted publishes that edit/finalize paths must run so the change takes effect — reconciling an existing form or view, wiring form events, placing quick-views, re-syncing an existing app's sitemap, and finalizing the sitemap after generative pages each publish that one artifact (an unpublished edit to a live artifact is invisible). A fresh build without --publish still leaves new tables/columns/relationships staged-but-unpublished in the solution.
• Idempotent — but ADDITIVE, not yet full desired-state convergence. Existing solution/tables/columns/relationships/views/charts/forms/commands/dashboards are detected and reused, so re-runs and existing-table envs work without collisions. The caveat for EDITS: a rebuild is additive — it creates what's missing but does not re-apply changes to an artifact that already exists (a changed column type, a removed view column — reconcileView only adds — an edited form/command/dashboard), and never removes an artifact you dropped from the spec. To apply a structural edit, teardown --apply then rebuild fresh. --verify catches this: it checks content (a view's column set, relationship + command existence), so an unapplied edit surfaces as a loud verify FAIL, not a false pass. Full in-place convergence is tracked in docs/app-builder-roadmap.md.
• Not in scope (later): business rules, conditional command visibility (Power-Fx-only), titled command groups (from-scratch — needs an SDK-synthesized parent row), lookup/associated views, multi-area sitemaps, column-level (field) security, access teams / hierarchy security (the security surface today is role-per-persona only — a tracked SDK follow-up).
• Supported: the full data model — all column types, AutoNumber primary, global choices, status reasons, alternate keys, N:N + junction-with-payload; adaptive main forms with 1:N / N:N sub-grids; quick-create / quick-view forms (formType) + quick-view placement (forms[].quickViews[]); Choice-column charts; security roles (personas[] — one role per persona sized from its jobs-to-be-done, with app access so the app opens for non-admins); dashboards (dashboards[] — chart/list/iframe/webresource tiles) + dashboard sitemap placement; generative pages (pages[] — the genpage-first default, uploaded via pac model genpage upload and surfaced as GenPage sitemap subareas; full create + edit round-trip via download-model-app.js); modern command-bar buttons (commands[]) incl. flyout / split-button menus; rich view filters (eq-userid/this-week/in/not-in); web resources + form JS event handlers; sample data with multi-parent $parents + statusReason. See docs/app-builder-roadmap.md and references/app-spec-schema.md — author from that single doc; you should not need to read the SDK, lint, or engine to write a spec.